Sound recorder and reproducer.



PATENTED JAN. 7, 1908.

M. SCHWARTZ. SOUND RECORDER AND RBPRODUCBR.

APPLICATION FILED HA3. 8, 1907.

To all whom it may concern:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ONE-THIRD TO SOLOMON FLAUM OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

SOUND RECORDER AND REPRODUCER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 7, 1908.

Application filed March 8, 1907- Serial No. 361.314-

Be it known that I, MoRRIs SCHWARTZ, a subject of the King of Roumania, residing in the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and- State'of 'New York, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Sound Recordin and Reproducing Machines, of which the following is such a full, clear, and exact description as will enable any one skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification. I

. he sound recording and reproducing aparatus or the so-called talking machines, heretofore in use, have undulations orindentations produced by' the sound waves recorded either-in the base or bottom of the groove cut or formed on the record by the stylus, orin the sides of such groove, in which latter case the groove is sinuous. In many of these known devices only the movement of the diaphragm in one direction, is recorded or reproduced.

M resent invention seeks to utilize to the ilihst extent the movement of the diaphragm in either direction ofit's vibration, and

a further object of the present invention is to record the undulations of the sound waves in both thesides as well as the bottom or base of the groove, though this is not an essential feature of certain parts of the invention.

Still other objects'are to maintain the diaphragm horizontal with the stylus substantially parallel therewith; and further to mount or support the cutting tool or stylus in suitable hearings in a bracket independent of the diaphragm from which the stylus receives its motion through suitable link or other connection. I With these and other objects in view, my invention consists in the various novel and peculiar arran ements and combinations of the several did erent arts of the apparatus all as hereinafter fuliy set forth and then pointed out in the claims.

I have illustrated types of my invention in the accompanying drawings wherein .outer end is provided 'jecting part 11 formed with a perforation 12 ified forms of the cutting tool or stylus, shown as operating in conjunction with a cy-' lindrical record, which is shown in section in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. Figs. 6 and 7 are end views of modified forms of the point of the stylus or cutting tool.

.Referri'ng to the drawings, in which like numbers of reference designate like parts throu bout, 1 indicates the ordinary sound box 0 a sound recording or reproducing instrument and 2 is the ordinary diaphragm thereof which is vibrated by the sound waves. From the center of the diaphragm 2 extends a bar or 0st 3 which is sultably secured thereto and at its outer end this post is provided with knife edge bearings 4 and 5 arranged opposite to each other, so as to engage upon opposite sides an arm or lateral projection 6 extending from the stylus or cutting tool 7, the rear end 8 of which lies in a socket bearing 9 formedin a suitable part of the bracket 10 which is fixed to and depends from the sound box or frame 1. The

ody of the bracket 10 extends substantially parallel with the dia hragm 2 and to a point considerably beyon the post 3,, and at its with an inwardly prothrough which the cylindrica body of the stylus 7 extends, and this forms a substantial and smooth bearing for the body of the stylus, the other hearing at the rear end 9 being in axial alinement with the bearing 12, and the vibrations of the diaphragm 2 serve to rock the stylus 7 on its bearings in one direction as the diaphragm moves inwardly andin an op osite direction as it moves outwardly, t us making the stylus respond to each stroke or movement of the diaphragm.

The outer end of the stylus 7 is bent at 13 at an oblitilueangle, and in the form shown in Fig. 1 t e cutting or o erative end 14 of the stylus is beveled or ormed on a plane oblique to the axial line of the stylus, as more particularly shown in detail in Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 8. The point of the stylus 7 engages the outer surface of the cylindrical record 15, which is rotated in the usual way, and in the construction shown in Fig. l, the rocking'of the stylus 7 on its axis on its bearings, acts to swing laterally the bent end of the stylus so as to form asinuous groove such as is indicated at 16 in dotted lines in Fig. 2 and so that the sides of the groove receive the record and the undulations of the sound waves, at the same time the irregular shape of the point 14 of the stylus causes it to vary 7 the depth of the groove, or toproduce undulations in the bottom or base thereof,,under the rocking movement of the stylus on its axis, so'that the bentend of the stylus to gether with the peculiarly formed point of the stylus produce a compound result and serve to record the undulations of the sound waves in the sides as well as in the base or bottom of the groove cut on the record.

In Fig. 2 the pointj17 of the stylus7 is shown as uniformly tapered or of a conical sha e so that it produces a sinuous groove suc 1 as 16 in the record, and this stylus likewise responds to the movement'of the sinuous sides of the groove in the reproducing.

In Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 8, the stylus 18 is shown as a straight member instead of being'bent as the one shownin Figs. land 2, respectively, and this straight stylus is adapted to be mounted in the same bearings as that indi-;

' when turnedthrough a half circle, as shown in Fig. 5, it cuts a deeper groove than in Fig. 3 as shown at 21. In order to prevent this straight form of the stylus 18 from being forcibly turned on its axisby the movement of the recording cylinder 15, I provide the same with an adjustable weight consisting of a screw-threaded pin or bar 22 projecting laterally from the stylus 18 and'carrying a weight 23 provided with a screw-threaded socket adapted to work on the thread on the bar 22.

In Fig. 6, I show an end view of a modified form of the stylus 24 and which might be described as crescent shaped having two cutting points 25 and 26, while in Fig. '7 still another modification of the point of the stylus is shown in the way of arectangular I shape 27, and this also provides more than one cutting point, 28 and-29, the same as the two opposite ed es of the beveled end. 14 of the stylus 18. in the form of the stylus in which the operative end or point is of an 1! regular shape, that is a shape other than uniformly tapered or conical or uniformly rounded, more than one cutting-part or edge is provided, as will be seen by comparing Figs. 3 to 7, and this is purposely designed to record the variousumlulations of the sound waves. These different forms of the operative orcutting end of the stylus produce different characters of impressions or records vibrations of the diaphragm.

and the same can be made somewhat varied by changing the shape of the operative end of the stylus. When the stylus having this peculiar form of cutting point is turned on its longitudinal axis, the irregular shape of the point causes it to go deeper into the material of the recording surface or to rise further out of the same accordin to the degree to which itis turned or rocked and also-according to the direction. l/Vith these different forms of the end of the stylus, the same is made to cut the material to make the impressions or records, the position of the stylus being rapidly changed to vary the cutting by the p I It will be noted that an important advantage of the construction herewith shown is found'in the peculiar mounting of the rocking stylus which relieves the diaphragm of all strain due to the cutting, at. the same time of all movements of the diaphragm both above and below the horizontal are recorded.

While I have herewith shown my inventionas used in conjunction with a cylindrical record, it will, of course, be understood that it maybe employed with the other wellknownforms of records which are made in the shape of flat disks. It will. be further understood that this invention may be used both to record or to make records as well as to reproduce the same and various modifications may be made in the apparatus as herewith set forth without departing from the spirit of the invention.

It will, of course, be understood that in the accompanying drawings illustrating my inventions in phonographs or in sound record.-

ing and reproducing apparatus, the various indentations or grooves lndicated in the record are diagrammatic and are accordingly of an exaggerated. character, but they serve the purpose of illustrating the inventions herein set forth and claimed. It will also be under stood that instead of a cylindrical record a flat record or disk may be used and particularly in conjunction with the stylus shown in Figs. 3 to 8, inclusive. It will be observed that an important feature of the construction herewith shown is that of being able to maintain the diaphragm in horizontal position and the stylus itself is parallel with the diaphragm and in- "1 claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent isz-- 1. in a sound recording and reproducing apparatus, the coinhnnmon ol a diaphragm,

a stylus rocking on its -with and actuated by said diaphragm so as a stylus rocking on its axis and connected with and actuated by said diaphragm so as to rock it on its axis, the point of the stylus being substantially in line with the stylus.

2. In a sound recording and reproducing apparatus, the combination of a diaphragm,

l and tending to to rock it on its axis, being substantially in line with the stylus, an adjustable weight connected with said stylus keep it in normal position.

6. In a sound recording and reproducing apparatus, the combination of a diaphragm, a stylus rocking on its axls and connected a substantially straight stylus having the with and actuated by said diaphragm so as i point thereof cut obliquely to the axis to to rock it on its axis, the point of the stylus i being substantially in line with the stylus, and adapted to move laterally as well as toward and away from the record and to vary the groove accordingly.

3. In a sound recording and reproducing apparatus, the combination of a diaphragm, a stylus rocking on its axis and a lateral projection on said stylus connected with and actuated by said diaphragm so as to rock it onits axis, the point of the stylus being substantially in line with the stylus.

4. In a sound recording and reproducing apparatus, the combination of a diaphragm, axis and connected to rock it on its axis, the point of said stylus being beveled or truncated obliquely to the axis on which it rocks.

5. In a sound recording and reproducing apparatus, the combination of a diaphragm, a stylus rocking on its axis and connected with and actuated by said diaphragm so as form the cutting point and adapted to rock on its axis, connections between the said diaphragm and stylus for rocking the latter in response t he movement of the diaphragm.

7. In a s und recording and reproducing apparatus, the combination of a diaphragm, a subst antially strai ht stylus having the point thereof'cut ob iquely to the axis to form the cutting point and adapted to rock on its axis, connections between the said diaphragm and stylus for rocking the latter in response to the movement of the diaphragm, a bearing in which the inner end of said stylus is mounted, and a second bearing intermediate the ends of the stylus, in which it is adapted to rock.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of the two subscribing witnesses.

MORRIS SCHWARTZ. Witnesses:

SoLoMoN FLAUM, WILLIS FOWLER.

the point of the stylus 

